Reflective Diray Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reflective Diray - Essay Example I believe that in order for me to triumphantly finish this academic year, I need to improve on learning, and this I can to by working harder. During the ICT lecture that I have attended last Tuesday, I encountered problems regarding the database table. Apparently, this was the major conflict I’ve had so far. I was able to overcome it however I am still a bit unsure of how to use it. This week was a little intense for me. This week, I finally became conscious of the difficulty of jumping from one approach to another in order to keep up with the courses. First, I went to the library to research on for the Educational Development module. There I found books which will enlighten me better with our topic. Our lecture was about â€Å"how to take notes†, incorporating active learning in the lesson. During the lecture, we were given tasks and they were to be done as a group however at first I was not that engaged in the group work. It was then I realized that this was what the lecture was teaching me – to become more active and to be more engaged in tasks as much as possible. This is what I have to try, and I know that in so doing I will be able to understand the lecture better. Group tasks can help me explore more things, I learn from my group mates and in return, I contribute some knowledge. Perhaps, this is another aspect of active learning. I do not only learn from reading, but I learn fro m experience, not just of my own but of others as well. Mates are like authors, with the authors, you read carefully their ideas, with mates, you have to listen to them carefully and observe them. Through listening and observing, you learn new ideas (Voeks 1979). I also realized that I need to do some more reading during my spare time as this will help me as well.   Through active reading, we begin to search new ideas and in vigorously

Business plant of E T Enterprise

Business plant of E T Enterprise E.T Enterprise is a partnership which manufactures traditional cake , bahulu. This company is established on Jun 2008 and commenced on July 2008. This partnership costs RM 323,857.00 which mostly the amount is contributed by the six partners and the rest being financed by loan from bank. The location of this company are at the Meru and it is a base to produce the bahulu because it is near to the raw material and labour sources which is the village people. The target market consists of the population in Shah Alam and Klang area. Theres no restriction in terms of the age group of the target market for its bahulu as bahulu can be enjoyed by many , regardless of ethnicity and social background. From our survey , the estimated size of our market is approximately RM1, 379,413. There are 3 main competitors that sell bahulu in Shah Alam Kelang which consist of J.K. Enterprise , S.U. Enterpise and S.A. Enterpise. The types of bahulu that this company offer to the customers are bahulu with cream ( strawberry , vanilla and chocolate ), cup bahulu with cream and topping , birthday bahulu and wedding cup bahulu. For each types of bahulu , this company put the price by using the cost based pricing. In order to promote the bahulu , they do sales promotion like giving bahulu sample and discounts to the customers. Hence , they advertise the bahulu in some local magazines. This company also have their own website to enable the customers to gain information about their product. The company distribute their product through retailers around Shah Alam , Klang and Meru. They estimate the sales based on the customers awareness about their product and seasonal factors like Hari Raya and wedding seasons. For operation , they apply the Just in Time concept where the entire of finish product is sent immediately to their intermediaries and final users which help them in minimize the storage cost. All production is produce based on sales forecast. This company choose Meru as the location because it fulfils the business basic needs. The suppliers are located throughout Klang and Shah Alam. PURPOSE OF BUSINESS PLAN The main purposes of this business plan are : To evaluate the project viability and growth potential. To apply for loans from bank as company capital and to know how much each shareholders need to invest. To act as a guideline or reference for the management of the proposed business. To allocate business resources effectively. To forecast the business performance for better decision making. For better understanding of in and out of the business. BACKGROUND OF THE BUSINESS Name of the business ET Enterprise Sdn Bhd Business address Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Correspondence address Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Telephone number 03-33925544 Form of business Patnership Main activity Manufacturing Date of business commencement 1st July 2008 Name of bank Bank Islam Bank account number 13-456-01-556634-1 Equity contribution RM 263,643 The above is the logo of this company business. The word E stands for modernization. It relates to their business where them want to introduce the bahulu to the wide global market. Furthermore , their also do some innovation to their bahulu in order to modernize it so that it can be accepted globally. Traditional stands for the type of business that thier run which is the traditional malay food , bahulu. This company choose the word traditional so that people will easily relates to their business with the traditional malay food. In their logo , they have chose two colours which are blue and red. Blue stands for innovation that they do to the bahulu in order to modernize it and to attract people to buy it. While red stands for the spirit to develop the traditional business and to introduce bahulu to global market. Hence , this comapany also include their motto in the logo so that people will actually know that they offer them with delicious , quality bahulu and they also care for the relationship that their have with the customers. BUSINESS NAMECARD Lot A-2, Jalan Kemboja, Taman Meru Indah, Kg. Meru, 42200 Meru, Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. No. Tel : 03-8885258 Website : www.et_enterprise.com.my LOCATION OF COMPANY This company located at Meru , Klang. THE ORGANIZATIONAL PLAN Vision To internationalize traditional cakes ( bahulu and others in the future ). Mission: To modernize traditional food. Objective: To market traditional food ( for now bahulu ) in whole Malaysia. ORGANIZATIONAL CHART MOHD.ABD.HALIM BIN SALANI (GENERAL MANAGER) MOHD EFI BIN TASNIMUDDIN (Financial Manager) ASMA BINTI RUSTAM (Operational Manager) MOHD HASHAMUDDIN BIN HASSAN (Administrative Manager) IRMAWATI BINTI ROSLAN (Marketing Manager) ADIBAH BINTI AHMAD DAUS (Direct Workers) FATIMAH BINTI HASSAN (Direct Workers) MOHD MUADZ BIN MAHMOOD (Direct Workers) NURUL ATEKAH BINTI MUHAMAD ALIAS (Asisstant Marketing Manager) JOB DESCRIPTION Position Responsibilities General manager Act as a superior of company that monitoring all activities in the company. Act as authorized person that approve the activities and financing. Have a power to control the companies. Ensure the performance of company is always good. Always care about society of employee and partner. Administration manager Help the entire department in area of administration. Determine the rate of employee and partner. Always keep the office clean. Help the General Manager. Marketing manager Find the target market for the production. Ensure all the goods are sold. Do forecast sales for the company. Find the best strategy to attract customer. Find the solution to become a winner in competition between competitors. Find the potential market for the company. Assistant marketing manager Helps the marketing manager Operation manager Find the best supplier for the company. Ensure the operational is operating wisely without problem. Ensure all the goods in a good quality. Ensure the all production is following the planning. Make sure all production is enough to support the demand from customer. Financial manager Prepare the financial statement. Ensure the company has sufficient cash to do an activity. Always find the solution to cut the cost and expenses. Workers Produce the product Ensure the factory in clean and clear after working THE MARKETING PLAN PRODUCT CONCEPT The product that this company offers to the customers is bahulu. They have done some innovation to the bahulu in order to make it look different and attractive than other ordinary bahulu. They also modernize the bahulu so that in the future it can be accepted globally. The types of bahulu that their offer to the customers are Crà ¨me Bahulu ( strawberry , vanilla and chocolate ), Cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu. Crà ¨me Bahulu is the main product which will be distributed to the retailers. While for Cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu are the types of products that their offer to the customers for ordering purposes. With these varieties of products , theis company hope that they are able to compete with other competitors and able to gain more customers. Besides that , they also ensure that our bahulu is delightful so that customers will satisfy with the taste and quality. Below are the packages that t his customer offer to the customers. a) Crà ¨me Bahulu b) Birthday Bahulu c) Wedding / engagement / other occasions i) Gift to the guest: Crà ¨me Bahulu ( 1 box contains 3 bahulu inside ) ii) Cupbahulu with Crà ¨me Topping iii) Wedding Cup bahulu TARGET MARKET Since the factory is located in Meru , Klang and its also near to Shah Alam , target market would be the customers in Klang and Shah Alam. Most people are already familiar with bahulu as one of Malay traditional cakes which are served during Hari Raya and are enjoyed by many. Therefore this company bahulu and cup bahulu can also be enjoyed by all age groups. It means that , in term of demographic segmentation ,their focusing on customers from all age groups who live in Klang and Shah Alam area. Since they also accept customized orders for certain occasions such as birthdays and weddings , they give a bit more focus on those in the age group of 1 35 years old as they are at the age where they like to have birthday celebrations with their group of friends and families as well as getting married. This is where they will focus to sell the birthday and wedding cup bahulu. Besides that , they also segment our market into separate psychographic profiles. Since the bahulu and cupbahulu are modernized version of the traditional bahulu , they seek to first capture the interest of those who are adventurous and love to try out new things besides being food enthusiasts. This company hope that through them , it could reach out to other more conservative customers by recommending our delicious and unique bahulu and cup bahulu to others. MARKET SIZE Market size is the total potential purchase that is expected from the target market. According to a July 2006 census , the population of Shah Alam stood at more than about 580,000 while Klang population stood at 683,000 which make the total population amounts to 1,263,000. This company estimated that 50% of the total population eat bahulu. Therefore , 50% x 1,263,000 = 631,500 Among the 631,500 who eat bahulu , their estimated that 39.5% of them would pick bahulu as their favourite snacks or deserts and thus eat more bahulu than others. Therefore : 39.5% x 631,500 = 250,000 From this 250,000 people , the estimated percentage of those who are more adventurous and would like to try the modernized version of bahulu is 25%. Therefore : 25% x 250,000 = 62,500 To conclude , from the total resident of 1,263,000 in Shah Alam and Klang, 62,500 people would be interested to buy modernized bahulu. After determining the market size , they calculate the estimated value of the market size. Usually the bahulu are sold in packets of 10 or 20 per packet. From the survey conducted , they found out the average price for a packet of bahulu is around RM 6.00. The survey was conducted by comparing the prices of the packets of bahulu which are sold by various manufacturers. Therefore the value of the estimated market size is: 62,500 x RM 6.00 = RM 375,000 STRENGTH OF THE COMPANY They could reach both the customers in Shah Alam and Klang with the help of the distributors. This company offer more varieties of bahulu and its safe to say that this coampany among the first company to invent cup bahulu. They strategically located near them raw materials and source of labours which enabled them to minimize the cost of production. MARKETING STRATEGIES The next step in marketing plan is marketing strategies. There are four key variables of marketing strategies which are product , price , promotion and place. This company realize that marketing strategies will give big impact to the companys sales. Therefore , they have developed specific strategies for each factor of the marketing strategies. PRODUCT As stated before in the product concept , this company offer several products to the customers which are Crà ¨me Bahulu , Cupbahulu with Crà ¨me Topping , Birthday Bahulu and Wedding Cup bahulu. With the motto quality , delicious and relation , they are not only focusing on the taste of the bahulu , but also care about the quality of their bahulu. In order to attract customers to buy the product , this company have design the bahulu with different design according to the types of order. Besides that , they packing the product with clear colorful plastic for those products that will be distribute to the retailers shops. The purpose is to allow customers to see the product clearly. While for ordering packages , the packing are in colorful box and ribbon so that it will look more special , simple yet beautiful. PRICE Basically , this company use cost based pricing to put price on the product. For different types of bahulu , they put different price for it. This is because the amount of material used for different types of bahulu is different from one another. Besides that , they also consider the quality and the preparation steps of the bahulu before putting the price. Below are the price for 1 unit of bahulu and the selling prices of our products. Price per unit: RM 0.27 + ( 45% x RM 0.27 ) = RM 0.40 / unit Therefore , the price for 1 packet of bahulu which consists of 10 units bahulu will be : RM 0.40 x 10 = RM 4.00 Selling prices : Bahulu with cream ( for distribution to the retailers ) : RM 4.00 per packet ( 10 units ). : RM 8.00 per packet (20 units ). 2. Orders : Birthday bahulu RM30.00 pe r set Bahulu with cream ( gift to the wedding quest ) RM 1.50 per box Cup bahulu with cream and topping RM 1.00 per unit Wedding cupbahulu RM 360.00 per set PROMOTION Like many other businesses , they also use few types of promotion tools in order to accomplish the sales promotion objectives. This company use advertising in magazines to promote their bahulu. They also choose to advertise the bahulu in magazine like Rasa because this magazine has its own readers who are interested to know about new foods. Besides that , they also have a own website. The purpose of this website is not only to promote the bahulu , but also to get feed back or any new ideas from the customers in order to improve the bahulu. Moreover , this website is also use to introduce new kind of bahulu to the customers. This website will make the customers closer to our product because it is easy to access and customers will easily get information about our bahulu. Other than that , they also do sales promotion like giving bahulu sampling and discounts. This company supply their bahulu sampling to the retailers at Kompleks PKNS and Shah Alam Mall , Shah Alam because at shopping mall people usually are interested in testing food and they tend to buy the food if it tastes delicious. For discounts , they only give discounts for order bahulu. For example , if a customer buys cup bahulu with Crà ¨me Topping for more than 1000 units , then , 10% discounts will be given out of the total price. Lastly , the sales team also do personal selling by communicate face to face with the customers and explain to them the types of bahulu that their offer. Not only that , they also give pamphlet and name card to the customers so that easy for them to contact with them for detail information about their bahulu. PLACE The factory and office are located at Meru which is near to the town and city like Klang and Shah Alam. Therefore , it will make them easier to promote the product to more wide market including the town people. Besides that , this location is strategic because it is near to the raw material and labour source which is the village people. This company also realizes that distribution strategies are important as it is one of the factors that will contribute to whether the product can be sold effectively or not. To distribute the product , they use two types of distribution strategies which are : Manufacturer retailer consumer Manufacturer consumer For distribution that use retailers , they choose four places to sell their bahulu which are Klang ( Pasar Jawa ) , Meru and Shah Alam ( Kompleks PKNS and Shah Alam Mall ). For all the retailers , this comapany agrees to pay them some commission every month. They use retailers to help them to distribute the bahulu in certain places. By using this way , this company could save some cost from renting a shop to sell the bahulu at every place that we want. For direct distribution to the customers , they use this kind of distribution when receive orders from customers. This company will deliver the orders to the customers and no transportation cost is charge for area around Klang , Meru and Shah Alam. But if the delivery is outside from these areas , transportation cost will be charged.

Women In Slavery in Harriet Jacobs Incidents in the life of a Slave Gi

The notion of slavery, as unpleasant as it is, must nonetheless be examined to understand the hardships that were caused in the lives of enslaved African-Americans. Without a doubt, conditions that the slaves lived under could be easily described as intolerable and inhumane. As painful as the slave's treatment by the masters was, it proved to be more unbearable for the women who were enslaved. Why did the women suffer a grimmer fate as slaves? The answer lies in the readings, Harriet Jacob's Incidents in the life of a Slave Girl and Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative which both imply that sexual abuse, jealous mistresses', and loss of children caused the female slaves to endure a more dreadful and hard life in captivity. It is a difficult predicament to be in when one is held in captivity. The situation is that much worse if a child finds himself held as a slave. From a young age the child must endure the fact that he is owned and not free to live life on his own terms. A child slave is already denied his freedom and childhood in the sole fact that he is a slave. However, female child slaves had to endure yet another hardship that made life that much more difficult. Young African girls that were enslaved were sexually abused from an early age. Olaudah Equiano, in Interesting Narrative, tells of misfortunes that the female slaves met with at the hands of white men that he witnessed aboard a ship that belonged to his master, he writes: "I have even known them gratify their brutal passion with females not ten years old" (p. 483) Equia... ...re taken advantage of, put down, and stripped of their dignity after they were victimized and sexually abused. Jealous and enraged mistresses, who were dismayed at the fact that their husbands were living a life of infidelity, mistreated them. In some cases, they were deprived of their most prized possessions, their children. This kind of life for the female slaves was overwhelmingly painful. They dealt with many circumstances that were not a part of the lives of male slaves. For this reason, it is fair to say that the lives of female slaves were harsher than the lives of male slaves. Works Cited Jacobs, Harriet A. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself. 1861. Ed. Olaudah, Equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Yassa, Written by Himself. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995. Women In Slavery in Harriet Jacob's Incidents in the life of a Slave Gi The notion of slavery, as unpleasant as it is, must nonetheless be examined to understand the hardships that were caused in the lives of enslaved African-Americans. Without a doubt, conditions that the slaves lived under could be easily described as intolerable and inhumane. As painful as the slave's treatment by the masters was, it proved to be more unbearable for the women who were enslaved. Why did the women suffer a grimmer fate as slaves? The answer lies in the readings, Harriet Jacob's Incidents in the life of a Slave Girl and Olaudah Equiano's Interesting Narrative which both imply that sexual abuse, jealous mistresses', and loss of children caused the female slaves to endure a more dreadful and hard life in captivity. It is a difficult predicament to be in when one is held in captivity. The situation is that much worse if a child finds himself held as a slave. From a young age the child must endure the fact that he is owned and not free to live life on his own terms. A child slave is already denied his freedom and childhood in the sole fact that he is a slave. However, female child slaves had to endure yet another hardship that made life that much more difficult. Young African girls that were enslaved were sexually abused from an early age. Olaudah Equiano, in Interesting Narrative, tells of misfortunes that the female slaves met with at the hands of white men that he witnessed aboard a ship that belonged to his master, he writes: "I have even known them gratify their brutal passion with females not ten years old" (p. 483) Equia... ...re taken advantage of, put down, and stripped of their dignity after they were victimized and sexually abused. Jealous and enraged mistresses, who were dismayed at the fact that their husbands were living a life of infidelity, mistreated them. In some cases, they were deprived of their most prized possessions, their children. This kind of life for the female slaves was overwhelmingly painful. They dealt with many circumstances that were not a part of the lives of male slaves. For this reason, it is fair to say that the lives of female slaves were harsher than the lives of male slaves. Works Cited Jacobs, Harriet A. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written by Herself. 1861. Ed. Olaudah, Equiano. The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Yassa, Written by Himself. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1995.

Hollitz Chapter Essay

What is the connection between the ‘’democratic spirit’’ of the American culture in the nineteenth century and the appeal of insurgent religious groups of the Second great awakening, according to Nathan Hatch’s essay? What role did the American Revolution play in growing appeal to these groups during the awakening, according to the essay? Nathan Hatch compares the Second Great Awakening to the Jacksonian era. He states that the men trying to persuade other people to join their religion was like tyrants trying to get people to follow them. That just like the beginning stages of the revolution, this was a time of power struggle for religious leaders. Hatch writes ‘These movements empowered ordinary people by taking their deepest spiritual impulses at face value rather than subjecting them to the scrutiny of orthodox doctrine†¦.’ Just like the revolution the Second Great Awakening brought individuals a sense of freedom to believe what they wanted to believe. In his last paragraph he writes one of the biggest influences I believe to be with this awakening. He writes ‘†¦they made salvation imminently accessible and immediately available.’ What evidence do the primary sources and the essay provide to support Nathan Hatch’s explanation regarding the growth of insurgent religious groups during the Second Great Awakening? Do there appear to have been social bias for it? There definitely was a social bias towards the opinions on the growth of the religious groups. The passage by Harriet Martineau explains to us readers how women at that time really had no great meaning or place in society and that religion gave them one. Also in the passage by a former slave the slave explains the appeal of Methodism. He explains how Methodism was more understandable and easier to listen to while as the religion he was practicing before he never came home understanding but half of the meeting. Both of these passages can show how these two groups which are not socially viewed as being higher up grow liking to the religious awakening b ecause it gives them a sense of higher self-worth. Do the primary sources offer alternative explanations for the appearance of the Second Great Awakening?

Proposal for Inventory System Essay

In today’s global world, access to basic and quality healthcare is crucial and imperative in order to have a good and healthy life. In view of this, access to quality and affordable drugs is a basic raw material in enhancing good and quality healthcare. It is therefore necessary and important to ensure that patients can easily get access to quality, un-expired and affordable drugs for the treatment of their diseases and sicknesses. Most importantly the efficiency with which these services are carried out can go a long way to save lives and improve upon the health status of individuals. Medisol Pharmaceutical Company Limited is a private retail pharmaceutical company established in Ghana and their main focus is to regularly sell pharmaceuticals, skin care products, baby care products and cosmetics to its customers. The company makes continuous efforts to maximize client’s satisfaction by providing good customer service and also segmenting their market so as to enable customers have easy access to their sales outlets. The company has its head office at Kanda and two other branches at west legon and kasowa respectively with their main target groups being the general public. Medisol Pharmaceutical Company ltd. has two major departments namely the Finance/Administrative Department and the Retail Department which are directly under the supervision of the CEO. The company has numerical staff strength of five (5) comprising of a CEO, a superintendent pharmacist, pharmacist, an accountant and a medicine counter assistant. Below is an organogram of Medisol Pharmaceutical company ltd. The Finance/Administrative department which is headed by the accountant handles mainly the financial and administrative tasks of the company. The company’s Retail Department serves as a liaison between Medisol and its customers and is headed by the Medicine Counter Assistant. The main responsibilities of this department are to manage the retail stock, sell items to customers and submit weekly reports to the CEO. Medisol’s operations are solely manual; as our team got to the company we were privileged to speak to the head of the retail department who explained thoroughly to us how the manual process takes place. The process starts with stock purchase where the medicine counter assistant makes a list of all needed items to be bought. This list is sent to their wholesalers for delivery of the items. Upon delivery, the items are crossed checked with the order list made and a sales invoice is then given to Medisol which is then filed in a purchasing file. Items to be sold are arranged on shelves with price tags on each item. Details of items sold are recorded in a sales book. Retail stocks are taken three times in a month and the process used is as follows; -Drugs on the shelves are counted and the quantity is crossed checked with the sales invoice kept in the purchase file(which shows quantity of items bought ), this is done to know the quantity of items sold -The quantity of sold items is then crossed checked from the sales books to further check if the items were really sold, expired or stolen. This process helps them to know how much items have been sold, how much stock is left and also determine whether to make an order or not. Medisol also has a special way of identifying expired drugs so that they won’t be sold to customers, with this the medicine counter assistant prepares a manual list of drugs whose expiry date falls within a particular year hence every six months this list is checked for drugs which have their expiry dates closer or already expired. Those almost about to expire are sold faster while those already expired are cleared from the shelves and discarded. In today’s world it is impossible to compete in the job market without a working knowledge of IT. It is therefore imperative that Medisol Pharmaceutical Company Limited implement and invest into good inventory control management system that have the ability to track, report and replenish stock. This will then improve accuracy and enhance safety and efficiency thereby helping the resale department decrease stock errors. This solution is intended to help the department to manage all transactions of received stocks, price, quantity and invoice. Security of this system will be enhanced, making it impossible for items to be misplaced or stolen. The benefits of the computerized inventory control system to Medisol Pharmaceutical Company ltd. is to make inventory decisions that minimize the total cost of inventory, which is distinctly different from minimizing inventory. It is often more expensive to run out of an item (and thus be forced to obtain it through more expensive channels) than simply to keep more units in stock. Several models have been proposed in the literature for minimizing the total cost of inventory through the use of an economic order quantity, which attempts to balance the carrying costs of inventory with the cost of running out of an item. Most pharmacy inventory decisions involve replenishment–how much to order, when to decide to order, and when to place the order.